The Energy Management Lab is built around the concept of a hybrid renewable micro-system, where solar, wind, battery storage, smart loads, and grid interaction are integrated through a centralized control architecture. The system demonstrates standalone, grid-connected, and hybrid operation, allowing students to study how energy systems behave under different operating modes and environmental conditions.
The lab is composed of five major units:
1. Power Generation Unit (Solar PV + Wind Turbine)
This unit includes:
2 kW Solar PV Array, 1 kW Horizontal-Axis Wind Turbine with cut-in speed 3.1 m/s and peak 1000 W output, 24 V Battery Bank (150 Ah) for energy storage
Students can observe:
- Solar and wind power generation simultaneously or independently
- Effect of irradiance, wind speed, and weather variations
- Power fluctuation, MPPT behaviour (via inverter), and energy flow
- The wind turbine is IEC 61400 compliant and includes overspeed protection, yaw control, and robust marine-coated housing for long-term reliable use.
2. Weather Station (Real-Time Environmental Data)
The integrated weather station includes:
- Pyranometer (solar irradiance)
- Wind speed and direction sensors
- Temperature and humidity sensors
- Rain gauge
All weather data is continuously monitored in the central controller. Students can set upper and lower safety thresholds, allowing automatic protection and shutdown during high winds or other unsafe conditions.
This real-time measurement helps correlate environmental conditions with renewable output, enabling performance analysis and forecasting exercises.
3. Power Evacuation Unit (Standalone, Grid-Connected, Hybrid)
The Power Evacuation Unit allows the system to operate in three selectable modes:
A. Standalone Mode
Solar and wind generate power that charges the battery and feeds AC/DC loads through a PWM charge controller and standalone inverter.
Students can study:
- Battery charging patterns
- Off-grid load support
- Energy availability vs load demand
B. Grid-Connected Mode
Using a 2 kW MPPT Grid-Tied Inverter, the system can export unused solar energy to the grid or draw power from the grid when renewable supply is low.
Students analyze:
- PCC measurements
- Net metering behaviour
- Power factor and THD characteristics
C. Hybrid Mode
A 2 kW Hybrid Inverter manages both battery storage and grid interaction.
This mode demonstrates:
- Automatic switching
- Load priority logic
- Hybrid solar-wind-battery operation
- System behaviour during grid outage and reconnection
4. Central Control Unit (Brain of the System)
The central controller manages:
- Solar PV section
- Wind section
- DC link
- PV charge controller
- Battery bank
- Grid-tied inverter
- Hybrid inverter
- AC mains
- AC load
Key capabilities:
- Manual or automatic control
- Relay and contactor-based switching
- RS-485 communication
- Real-time measurement of voltage, current, power, SoC, load profile
- Touchscreen graphical interface
- Open-source editable software for algorithm testing
- Weather-based alarms and protection
- Students can modify energy flow logic, switching conditions, and control algorithms—ideal for smart-grid and EMS education.
5. Load Unit (Smart Home + Load Analysis System)
Smart Home Module: A miniature AC-powered smart home model with relay-based automated control. It includes:
- Touchscreen panel meter
- Voltage, current, and waveform display
- Remote/manual/automatic control
- RS-485 data communication
- Students explore demand-side management, automated load control, and home energy monitoring.
Load Analysis System: Includes AC series and parallel load configurations to study:
- Linear and non-linear loads
- Load switching impact
- Power quality variations
- Behaviour under standalone / grid-connected operation.
What Students Can Learn
Using this lab, students can:
- Study solar PV and wind I–V and P–V characteristics
- Analyze standalone, grid-tied, and hybrid operation
- Understand load switching, scheduling, and demand response
- Monitor energy flows in real time
- Perform hybrid solar–wind experiments
- Explore smart home automation and energy monitoring
- Learn protection schemes and weather-based shutdown logic
- Access 24/7 data logging for analysis and research
Why It Stands Out
- High-reliability, industry-grade components
- Automatic and manual control
- High IP-rated devices
- Works with real and virtual grid
- Supports algorithm development with editable software
- Fully instrumented with safety, protection, and datalogging
- Customizable hardware and software options