Solar PV Training and Research system is a compact miniaturised version of an actual Solar PV standalone power plant. The system enables user to study wiring and interconnections of different components involved in the system to develop basic understanding of working and operation of a Standalone PV system. Through the help of experiments a student can understand underlying principles of solar PV, its applications in standalone system and challenges like sizing of system, MPPT, installations etc. by doing various experiments. The system also provides scope for further research.

The system is an indoor system which utilises halogen lamps to act as artificial sun to illuminate to solar panels which can be configured in series or parallel depending upon experiments and requirements of users. The experiments are divided into 3 sections: a) Solar PV characteristics, b) Standalone PV system and c) Research experiments. In the first section i.e., Solar PV characteristics there are 5 experiments through which a user can study about Solar PV characteristics, interconnection of solar panel, effect of tilt, radiation and temperature on solar panels and usage of diodes in a solar panel. In second section there are 4 experiments through which user can study about the different components involved in solar pv standalone systems, their interconnection and usage. In third section user can research on maximum power point tracking of the solar panels.

The system consists of individual plug-in units each with components for different experimental arrangement. The conception of system facilitates indoor as well as outdoor experiments.

Technical Characteristics ≫

• An active measurement panel to measure different voltages, currents and temperature.
• User can vary Irradiation to simulate sunlight conditions during the day which further affects the temperature of Solar Panel to study I-V and P-V characteristics under varying irradiation and temperature.
• Series and Parallel Combination of Solar Panels possible.
• Arrangement to tilt solar panels to study the effect of Tilt angle on PV module Power.
• Shading blades are provided to study the effect of shading on Solar PV.
• No connections are made internally to encourage user to learn connecting different components together in order to install a standalone Solar PV standalone power plant.
• Workout power flow calculations of Standalone PV power plant using charge controller, inverter, AC /Dc load and Battery.
• Option to provide external gate signals to charge controller via Function generator to study effect of change in Duty Cycle of charge controller on PV Power.
• User can externally feed MPPT signal to study effect of MPPT algorithm on PV Power.
• User can use his/her own MPPT algorithm to study the effect of MPPT algorithm on PV Power
• User can plot Real time PV, IV, V vs time, P vs Time, I vs Time curves using proprietary PC Software.
• Perturb and Observe MPPT Algorithm
• IP 65 protected PV Panels
• Equipped with Handheld Solar Insolation measuring instrument
• Equipped with an angle measurement instrument.
• Data can be saved in csv format
• Graphs can be saved in image format

Technical Advantages ≫

• Modular and Scalable design
• System is rigorously tested and can work continuously without switching off.
• Require very less space for installation.
• Reliable Quality: Basically, no after sales service is required.
• System comes with an illustrated experiment manual detailing every wiring connection to be made.
• Specifications can be customized as per requirement.
• Detailed demonstration and training of system is done during commissioning of the system.

Experiments ≫

• To demonstrate the I-V and P-V characteristics of PV module with varying radiation and temperature level
• To demonstrate the I-V and P-V characteristics of series and parallel combination of PV modules.
• To show the effect of variation in tilt angle on PV module power.
• To demonstrate the effect of shading on module output power.
• To demonstrate the working of diode as Bypass diode and blocking diode.
• Workout power flow calculations of standalone PV system of DC load with battery.
• Workout power flow calculations of standalone PV system of AC load with battery.
• Workout power flow calculations of standalone PV system of DC and AC load with battery.
• To draw the charging and discharging characteristics of battery.
• Find the MPP manually by varying the resistive load across the PV panel.
• Find the MPP by varying the duty cycle of DC-DC converter.
• Observe the Vm, Im, Pm and duty cycle at which MPP occurs, with MPP algorithm.
• Observe the response of Pm in the plotter and compare with the Pm observed in previous experiment
• Perform the previous three Experiment with only battery in the circuit.
• Observe the output waveform of the inverter in auto mode.

Research Options ≫

• MPPT algorithm testing
• Inverter control testing for different operating conditions
• Performance Analysis and Modelling of Photovoltaic Panel
• Testing of charge Controller
• Micro-grid and smart grid control testing

Specifications ≫

Components	Sub-Components	Specifications
Power generating unit	Solar PV Module
	Number of modules	2
	Type	Poly-crystalline
	Total Power rating	80Wp
Artificial Source of radiation	Halogen Light with regulator
	Total power rating	1800W
Power Conditioning Unit (PCU)	DC-DC Converter- Auto/Manual mode
	Power rating	25 W
	Nominal system voltage	12V
	Maximum Load Current	2.0 (A)
	Type	Buck converter
	Inverter- Auto/Manual mode
	Power rating	50W
	Output Voltage	Variable
Control and Measuring Unit	Meters
	Temperature meter with sensor
	DC ammeter
	DC voltmeter
	AC ammeter
	AC voltmeter
	Battery bank (2 batteries)
	Capacity of each battery	4.5 Ah/12V
	Loads- AC/DC
Data Logger and Plotter	Voltage Range	0-200 (V)
	Current Range	0-2.0 (A)
Accessories	Radiation meter
	Range	0 to 1999 (W/m2)
	Battery Charger
	Output voltage	12 (V)
	Module Cooling system
	Manual